Absence of a clear legislative document on the legal attributes of carbon-related laws in the ecosystem
最高院《意见》属于党政联合发文，我国尚未承认该类文件可作为司法审判依据，在司法适用中缺乏“双碳”目标所依据的司法适用规范。虽2023年《意见》指出：适用民法典绿色原则和绿色条款，强化以环境保护法为基础，以生态保护、污染防治、资源利用以及
能源开发等法律为主干，以行政法规规章为补充。但《循环经济促进法》《清洁生产促进法》《节约能源法》《可再生能源法》《森林法》《草原法》《湿地保护法》《黑土地保护法》等部门法的规定均过于原则、笼统，可操作性弱，难以适用于司法实践，难以确定违法事由，导致无从追究法律责任。
The Supreme People’s Court’s “Opinions” falls into the category of documents being jointly issued by the party and government, which is not yet recognized as a basis for the administration of justice and lacks judicial application norms based on the "double carbon" objective in its judicial application. Although the Opinions of 2023 pointed out that: the application of green principles and green provisions of the Civil Code, to strengthen the environmental protection law as the basis for ecological protection, pollution prevention and control, resource utilization, as well as energy development and other laws as the main trunk, supplemented by administrative rules and regulations, the provisions of the Circular Economy Promotion Law, the Cleaner Production Promotion Law, the Energy Conservation Law, the Renewable Energy Law, the Forest Law, the Grassland Law, the Wetland Protection Law, the Blackland Protection Law and other sectoral laws are too general in principle and weak in operationalization, making it difficult to apply them to judicial practice, and difficult to determine the cause of the violation of the law, leading to the lack of a way to hold people accountable for their legal responsibilities.
福建省高级人民法院制定的《指引（试行）》仅系工作指引，局限性十分明显，并非法律法规，仍需配套的司法制度措施予以强化。
The “Guidelines (Trial)” formulated by the Fujian Provincial Higher People's Court is only a working guideline, with obvious limitations. It is not a law or regulation, and it still need to be strengthened with supporting measures of the judicial system.
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