The lack of legal liability provisions in the law on Double Carbon system leads to low cost of violating the law.
第一，若涉碳权被侵犯，则应承担相应法律责任。虽然已有起诉赔偿的制度，但生态环境等案由的民事赔偿、行政处罚、刑事量刑等过于宏观、笼统，缺乏对公民、企业、行政机关责任的详细规定，不具有可执行性与可操作性。2023年最高院《关于审理破坏森林资源刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》《关于办理环境污染刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》虽明确了具体的犯罪行为的定罪量刑，但未包含碳汇补偿机制的替代方式以及其他具体规范。
Firstly, corresponding legal responsibility should be attached to the violation of carbon-related rights. Although there is a system of prosecution and compensation, the ecological environment and other causes of civil compensation, administrative penalties, criminal sentencing is too macroscopic and general, and lack detailed provisions on the responsibilities of citizens, enterprises, and administrative organs, and are not enforceable and operable. Although the 2023 Supreme People’s Court’s “Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law to the Trial of Criminal Cases Involving the Destruction of Forest Resources” and “Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law to the Handling of Criminal Cases Involving Environmental Pollution, while clarifying the conviction and sentencing of specific criminal acts, have included neither alternatives to the carbon sink compensation mechanism, nor any other specific norms.
第二，虽最高院发布了系列经典案例，以《民法典》“绿色原则”条款作为裁判依据，但中国并非判例法国家，仍需要有明文立法或者相应的配套司法解释作为审判依据，切实做到“有法可依”，才能发挥法律的警示作用。
Secondly, although the Supreme Court has issued a series of classic cases, using the provisions of the "Green Principle" of the Civil Code as the basis for adjudication, China is not a common law country, and there is still a need to have explicit legislation or corresponding supporting judicial interpretations as the basis for adjudication, so as to ensure that there is a law to comply with, in order to play a warning role of the law.
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